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Open Recommendations (25 total)

Bureau of Prisons: Additional Actions Needed to Improve Restrictive Housing Practices

GAO-24-105737
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8 Open Recommendations
2 Priority
Agency Affected Recommendation Status
Bureau of Prisons The Director of BOP should conduct an evaluation of previous SMU placements to determine and address the cause of disproportionate representation of individuals in certain racial groups in the SMU population. (Recommendation 4)
Open
BOP officials told us in September 2024 that it plans to evaluate SMU placement from 2018 - 2022 to determine whether there was disproportionate representation. If the evaluation results in a finding that disproportionate representation existed, BOP will assess what additional steps may be appropriate. We will continue to monitor BOP's actions to address this recommendation.
Bureau of Prisons
Priority Rec.
The Director of BOP should enhance oversight by developing and implementing a process to verify and document that facilities have implemented corrective actions that fully address all deficiencies. (Recommendation 2)
Open – Partially Addressed
As of September 2024, BOP has actions underway to address this recommendation. BOP has developed a new internal audit process to verify and document that facilities have implemented corrective actions to address deficiencies identified during internal audits. In March 2024, BOP issued interim guidance to facility leadership describing this new process. According to this guidance, the new internal audit process is designed to identify causes of common findings that recur across multiple facilities and to implement a follow-up process to mitigate the recurrence of findings. To fully implement this recommendation, BOP must finalize and approve the program statement establishing the new audit process. We will continue to monitor BOP's actions to fully implement this recommendation.
Bureau of Prisons The Director of BOP should develop and implement a process to routinely analyze administrative remedy program data. (Recommendation 7)
Open
BOP officials told us in September 2024 that it plans to incorporate a review of Administrative Remedy Program data into a broader analyses of policy concerns and issues. In particular, because the Administrative Remedy Program does not currently collect and review data for the purposes of routine analysis, BOP officials said their General Counsel and research and evaluation staff were coordinating to determine the feasibility of an approach to address this recommendation. We will continue to monitor BOP's actions to address this recommendation.
Bureau of Prisons The Director of BOP should develop and implement a mechanism for routinely monitoring the extent to which facilities are applying the SMU placement criteria consistently and equitably across all BOP facilities should BOP reinstate the SMU program. (Recommendation 5)
Open
BOP officials told us in September 2024 that it is working to identify an appropriate replacement for the SMU program in conjunction with the ongoing National Institute of Justice study. This study is focused on the use and impact of restrictive housing in federal correctional facilities. Should BOP implement a replacement to the SMU program, we will monitor BOP's actions to address this recommendation.
Bureau of Prisons
Priority Rec.
The Director of BOP should develop and implement a mechanism to identify causes of common deficiencies that recur across multiple facilities and take steps to address those causes. (Recommendation 3)
Open – Partially Addressed
As of September 2024, BOP has actions underway to address this recommendation. BOP has developed a new internal audit process to verify and document that facilities have implemented corrective actions to address deficiencies identified during internal audits. In March 2024, BOP issued interim guidance to facility leadership describing this new process. According to this interim guidance, the new internal audit process is designed to identify causes of common findings that recur across multiple facilities and to implement a follow-up process to mitigate the recurrence of findings. To fully implement this recommendation, BOP must provide documentation showing that a mechanism to identify and address causes of common deficiencies that recur across multiple facilities has been implemented within the new internal audit process. We will continue to monitor BOP's actions to address this recommendation.
Bureau of Prisons The Director of BOP should develop and implement a process to address any identified patterns of noncompliance related to restrictive housing policies and other areas of program weaknesses. (Recommendation 8)
Open
BOP officials told us in September 2024 that it plans to incorporate a review of Administrative Remedy Program data into a broader analyses of policy concerns and issues. In particular, because the Administrative Remedy Program does not currently collect and review data for the purposes of routine analysis, BOP officials said their General Counsel and research and evaluation staff were coordinating to determine the feasibility of an approach to address recommendation 7. Addressing recommendation 7 is closely linked to addressing this recommendation (Recommendation 8), thus no action can be taken here until recommendation 7 is implemented. We will continue to monitor BOP's actions to address this recommendation.
Bureau of Prisons The Director of BOP should develop and execute an approach to fully implement all the 2014 and 2016 restrictive housing reports recommendations. For each recommendation that has not yet been implemented, the approach should include assigning implementation responsibility to appropriate officials, establishing a time frame for completion, and monitoring progress. In instances where BOP does not concur with a 2014 recommendation or deems it impractical, it should document its rationale and the alternative steps, if any, it plans to take. (Recommendation 1)
Open – Partially Addressed
As of September 2024, BOP has actions underway to address this recommendation. BOP has developed a recommendation implementation table to set forth its action steps for implementing the remaining open recommendations. The table is designed to also document BOP's rationale for its disagreement with any open recommendations and note the alternate steps it plans to take, if any, to address those recommendations. For each recommendation BOP agrees with and that has not been implemented, BOP has work underway to develop implementation plans, including assigning implementation responsibility to appropriate officials, and establishing time frames for completion. To fully implement this recommendation, BOP must finalize the table and execute its planned approach. We will continue to monitor BOP's actions to address this recommendation.
Bureau of Prisons The Director of BOP should develop and implement a mechanism for routinely evaluating SMU review documentation to ensure that incarcerated individuals progress through the SMU program levels in accordance with SMU policy should BOP reinstate the SMU program. (Recommendation 6)
Open
BOP officials told us in September 2024 that it is working to identify an appropriate replacement for the SMU program in conjunction with the ongoing National Institute of Justice study. This study is focused on the use and impact of restrictive housing in federal correctional facilities. Should BOP implement a replacement to the SMU program, we will monitor BOP's actions to address this recommendation.

Federal Prisons: Bureau of Prisons Should Improve Efforts to Implement its Risk and Needs Assessment System

GAO-23-105139
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1 Open Recommendations
Agency Affected Recommendation Status
Bureau of Prisons The Director of BOP should evaluate its evidence-based recidivism reduction programs, according to the plan established. (Recommendation 5)
Open
In March 2023, we reported that BOP missed dates it previously set to conduct evaluations of its evidence-based recidivism reduction programs. To help address this issue, we recommended that BOP evaluate its programs, according to the plan established. BOP concurred with this recommendation. In response, in September 2023, BOP officials stated that it had initiated and was actively conducting research on 15 evidence-based recidivism reduction programs. BOP stated that its evaluation of evidence-based recidivism reduction programs would be ongoing and evolving, as BOP would be continuously working to evaluate and re-evaluate its programs. To fully address this recommendation, BOP should provide documentation that it is initiating its evaluations of evidence-based recidivism reduction programs on time and that the evaluations include pre-established, quantifiable goals that align with the First Step Act.

Federal Prisons: Bureau of Prisons Should Improve Efforts to Implement its Risk and Needs Assessment System

GAO-23-105139
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1 Open Recommendations
1 Priority
Agency Affected Recommendation Status
Bureau of Prisons
Priority Rec.
The Director of BOP should use and document the results of its ongoing monitoring of the frequency at which it conducts risk and needs assessments, and take appropriate corrective actions, as needed. (Recommendation 3)
Open
In March 2023, we reported that BOP has not confirmed if its planned monitoring efforts will measure whether risk and needs assessments are completed according to First Step Act requirements and BOP internal timeframes. As such, BOP may not have any results from its monitoring efforts that could be utilized to document and determine whether it is conducting assessments on time and taking appropriate corrective action when it is not. We recommended that BOP should use and document the results of its ongoing monitoring of the frequency at which it conducts risk and needs assessments, and take appropriate corrective actions, as needed. BOP concurred with this recommendation. In response, in September 2023, BOP officials stated they planned to enhance its auto-calculation time credits application to integrate risk, needs, and time credits assessments into a single, monthly automated process. According to BOP, this application will automate and independently generate these assessments and will more clearly document completion of each of these assessments at the intervals prescribed by the First Step Act and BOP requirements. In February 2024, BOP officials stated that it will take at least 1 year after implementation of these changes to generate data necessary to evaluate the need for corrective actions. In August 2024, BOP officials stated that they anticipated the changes to be completed in December 2024. To fully address this recommendation, BOP will need to implement its monitoring efforts and demonstrate through documentation how they are using the results.
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